Equivalence Hypothesis Testing
نویسندگان
چکیده
In statistical applications, such as a comparison of two items, it is useful to know whether one item is equivalent to another. Similarly it is often desirable to know whether one item can act as a substitute for another. Applications of the concept of equivalence include blend and flavor modifications of products, substitution of generic drugs for brand-name drugs, modifications of products in response to government regulations, or component substitutions with more healthful or lower cost components. In addition, some companies develop products that are direct substitutes for those of their competitors and make advertising claims concerning their equivalence. In a recent paper, Ennis and Ennis (2009) used an open interval to define equivalence and provided exact and approximate methods for testing a null hypothesis of nonequivalence. In this paper, a discussion of this newly developed theory of equivalence testing is presented along with a comparison to existing methods such as the “two one-sided tests” (TOST) method. We provide numerical examples to illustrate this new theory and we demonstrate that although the TOST is a convenient approximation it is fundamentally inconsistent with the specification of the null hypothesis.
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The logic of equivalence testing and its use in laboratory medicine
Hypothesis testing is a methodological paradigm widely popularized outside the field of pure statistics, and nowadays more or less familiar to the largest part of biomedical researchers. Conversely, the equivalence testing is still somehow obscure and misunderstood, although it represents a conceptual mainstay for some biomedical fields like pharmacology. In order to appreciate the way it could...
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